Different kinds of scoliosis have different origins. The vast majority of cases develop from an unknown cause in otherwise healthy children. This is called idiopathic scoliosis. More rare causes of scoliosis include neuromuscular conditions, congenital anomalies, some syndromes, tumors, trauma, or infections. A visit with a pediatric spine specialist can help determine the type of scoliosis a patient may have, often involving a scoliosis X-ray, can determine the type of scoliosis your child may have.

Parents are often the first to notice scoliosis in their children. Key signs that may indicate whether your child has scoliosis include:

Scoliosis Treatment varies based on the age of the patient and the severity of the scoliotic curve. Mild scoliosis curves are usually monitored for progression until the patient is done growing while moderate scoliosis curves may require an treatment with a brace. When used appropriately, special custom back braces have been proven to be effective in slowing curve progression. This can often help prevent a patient from the need for surgical intervention later on. In severe scoliosis cases, surgery may be necessary to correct spinal alignment.

Moderate curves that are left untreated (without bracing) have a chance of becoming severe curves that may require surgery. Curves that can be kept below 30 degrees tend not to progress into adulthood. Severe curves left untreated often progress into adulthood. Studies have shown that curves greater than 50 degrees will progress about 1 degree each year. In adulthood, these patients tend to have chronic back pain (although this does not usually limit their ability to function). While scoliosis is not life-threatening, very severe curves (over 100-110 degrees) can lead to complications affecting heart and lung function.